Authors: Alma Ademovic Tahirovic, Predrag Djapic, Hossein Ameli, Goran Strbac

 

Abstract:

The energy transition is expanding beyond electricity to address high-emission sectors such as heat and transport. While electrification is key to decarbonisation, it risks overloading infrastructure and increasing costs for end-users. Flexibility remains a critical barrier to integrating low-carbon technologies at scale. This paper explores the role of cross-vector flexibility, the coordinated use of electricity, heat, and transport systems, in reducing infrastructure strain and supporting decarbonisation. Using the REMeDY district energy business model, applied to Southend-on-Sea, the study evaluates distribution network impacts. Results show that cross-vector flexibility delivers greater value than decentralised approaches, offering reduced reinforcement needs, enhanced system flexibility, and lower investment costs. Stand-alone applications provide limited benefits, whereas integrated, whole-systems deployment achieves significantly higher value. The findings highlight the importance of strategic local planning and holistic energy management. Follow-up analyses further confirm the potential of cross-vector flexibility to reduce system costs and support efficient, scalable decarbonisation.

 

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